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docs/user/stock/docs.user.stock.delivery_note.md

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+---
+{
+	"_label": "Delivery Note"
+}
+---
+A Delivery Note is made when a shipment is shipped from the company’s Warehouse. 
+
+A copy of the Delivery Note is usually sent with the transporter. The Delivery Note contains the list of Items that are sent in the shipment and updates the inventory.
+
+The entry of the Delivery Note is very similar to a Purchase Receipt. You can create a new Delivery Note from:
+
+> Stock > Delivery Note > New Delivery Note
+
+or from a “Submitted” Sales Order (that is not already shipped) by clicking on “Make Delivery Note”.
+
+You can also “fetch” the details from an unshipped Sales Order. 
+
+You will notice that all the information about unshipped Items and other details are carried over from your Sales Order.
+
+### Shipping Packets or Items with Sales BOM
+
+If you are shipping Items that have a Sales BOM, ERPNext will automatically create a “Packing List” table for you based on the sub-Items in that Item. (See the Item explanation for more information).
+
+If your Items are serialized, then for Sales BOM type of Items, you will have to update the Serial Number in the “Packing List” table.
+
+### Packing Items in to Cases, for Container Shipment
+
+If you are doing container shipment or by weight, then you can use the Packing Slip to breakup your Delivery Note into smaller units. To make a Packing Slip go to:
+
+Stock > Packing Slip > New Packing Slip
+
+You can create multiple Packing Slips for your Delivery Note and ERPNext will ensure that the quantities in the Packing Slip do not exceed the quantities in the Delivery Note.
+
+---
+
+#### Print Without Amounts
+
+If you want to print your Delivery Notes without the amount (this might be useful if you are shipping high value items), just check the “Print without Amount” box in the “More Info” section.
+
+#### What happens when the Delivery Note is “Submitted”?
+
+A Stock Ledger Entry is made for each Item and stock is updated.
+Pending Quantity in the Sales Order is updated (if applicable).

docs/user/stock/docs.user.stock.item.md

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+---
+{
+	"_label": "Item Master",
+	"_toc": [
+		"docs.user.stock.valuation",
+		"docs.user.setup.codification"
+	]
+}
+---
+An Item is your company's product or a service.The term Item is applicable to your core products as well as your raw materials. It can be a product or service that you buy/sell from your customers/ suppliers. ERPNext allows you to manage all sorts of items like raw-materials, sub-assemblies, finished goods, item variants and service items. 
+
+ERPNext is optimized for itemized management of your sales and purchase. If you are in services, you can create an Item for each services that your offer. Completing the Item Master is very essential for successful implementation of ERPNext.
+
+## Item Properties
+
+- **Item Name:** Item name is the actual name of your product or service.
+- **Item Code:** Item Code is a short-form to denote your Item. If you have very few Items, it is advisable to keep the Item Name and the Item Code same. This helps new users to recognise and update Item details in all transactions. In case you have lot of Items with long names and the list runs in hundreds, it is advisable to code. To understand naming Item codes see [Item Codification](docs.user.setup.codification.html)
+- **Item Group:** Item Group is used to categorize an Item under various criterias like products, raw materials, services, sub-assemblies, consumables or all Item groups. Create your default Item Group list under Setup> Item Group and pre-select the option while filling your New Item details under Item Group.
+- **Default Unit of Measure:** This is the default measuring unit that you will use for your product. It could be in nos, kgs, meters, etc. You can store all the UOM’s that your product will require under Set Up> Master Data > UOM. These can be preselected while filling New Item by using % sign to get a pop up of the UOM list. 
+- **Brand:** If you have more than one brand save them under Set Up> Master Data> Brand and pre-select them while filling a New Item.
+
+![Item Properties](img/item-properties.png)
+
+### Upload an Image
+
+To  upload an image for your icon that will appear in all transactions, save the partially filled form. Only after your file is saved a “+” button will appear besides the Image icon. Click on this sign and upload the image.
+
+![Item Properties](img/item-add-image.png)
+
+### Item Pricing
+
+Item Price and Price Lists: ERPNext lets you maintain multiple selling prices for an Item using Price Lists. A Price List is a place where different rate plans can be stored. It’s a name you can give to a set of Item prices. In case you have different zones (based on the shipping costs), for different currencies etc, you can maintain different Price Lists. A Price List is formed when you create different Item Prices. To import Item Price visit “Import Item Price”.
+
+## Inventory : Warehouse and Stock Setting
+
+In ERPNext, you can select  different type of Warehouses to stock your different Items. This can be selected based on Item types. It could be Fixed Asset Item, Stock Item or even Manufacturing Item. 
+
+- **Stock Item:** If you are maintaining stock of this Item in your Inventory, ERPNext will make a stock ledger entry for each transaction of this item.
+- **Default Warehouse:** This is the Warehouse that is automatically selected in your transactions. 
+- **Allowance Percentage:** This is the  percent by which you will be allowed to over-bill or  over-deliver this Item. If not set, it will select from  the Global Defaults. 
+- **Valuation Method:** There are two options to maintain valuation of stock. FIFO (first in -  first out) and Moving Average. To understand this topic in detail please visit “ Item Valuation, FIFO and Moving Average”.
+
+### Serialized and Batched Inventory
+
+These numbers help to track individual units or batches of Items which you sell. It also tracks warranty and returns. In case any individual Item is recalled by the supplier the number system helps to track individual Item. The numbering system  also manages expiry dates. Please note that if you sell your items in thousands, and if the items are very small like pens or erasers, you need not serialize them. In ERPNext, you will have to mention the serial number in some accounting entries. To create serial numbers you will have to manually create all the numbers in your entries. If your product is not a big consumer durable Item, if it has no warranty and has no chances of being  recalled, avoid giving serial numbers. 
+
+> Important: Once you mark an item as serialized or batched or neither, you cannot change it after you have made any stock entry.
+
+- [Disucssion on Serialized Inventory](docs.user.stock.serialized.html)
+
+### Re Ordering
+
+- **Re-order level** suggests the amount of stock balance in the Warehouse. 
+- **Re-order Qty** suggests the amount of stock to be ordered  to maintain minimum stock levels.
+- **Minimum Order Qty** is the minimum quantity for which a Material Request / Purchase Order must be made.
+
+### Item Tax
+
+These settings are required only if a particular Item has a different tax rate than the rate defined in the standard tax Account. For example,  If you have a tax Account, “VAT 10%” and this particular Item is exempted from tax, then you select “VAT 10%” in the first column, and set “0” as the tax rate in the second column.
+
+### Inspection
+
+Inspection Required: If an incoming inspection (at the time of delivery from the Supplier) is mandatory for this Item, mention “Inspection Required” as “Yes”. The system will ensure that a Quality Inspection will be prepared and approved before a Purchase 	Receipt is submitted.
+
+Inspection Criteria: If a Quality Inspection is prepared for this Item, then this template of criteria will automatically be updated in the Quality Inspection table of the Quality Inspection. Examples of Criteria are: Weight, Length, Finish etc.

docs/user/stock/docs.user.stock.md

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+---
+{
+	"_label": "Stock / Inventory"
+}
+---
+For most small business that deal in physical goods, a large part of their net worth is invested in the stock in hand. 
+
+### Best Practice
+
+There are two aspects to good material management:
+
+- **Good housekeeping / visual control:** Keep all your items in separate bins,neatly stacked and labelled.

“A place for everything and everything in its place”

+- **Accurate Data:** Accurate data comes from good processes and recording each and every transaction. If you are only partially recording your inventory then your reports will be incorrect

“Garbage In Garbage Out”
+
+If you have good processes to control movement of goods within your organization, implementation in ERPNext will be a breeze.
+
+### Material Flow
+
+There are three main types of entries:
+
+- Purchase Receipt: Items received from Suppliers against Purchase Orders.

+- Stock Entry: Items transferred from one Warehouse to another.

+- Delivery Note: Items shipped to Customers.
+
+#### How does ERPNext track stock movement / levels?
+
+Tracking stock is not just about adding and subtracting quantities. Some complications arise when:
+
+- Back-dated (past) entries are made / edited: This affects future stock levels and may lead to negative stock.
+- Stock has to be valued based on First-in-First-out: ERPNext needs to maintain a sequence of all transactions to know the exact value of your Items.
+- Stock reports are required at any point in time in the past: You have to lookup what was the quantity / value your stock of Item X on date Y. 
+
+To manage this, ERPNext collects all inventory transactions in a table called the Stock Ledger Entry. All Purchase Receipts, Stock Entries and Delivery Notes update this table.
+

docs/user/stock/docs.user.stock.purchase_receipt.md

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+---
+{
+	"_label": "Purchase Receipt"
+}
+---
+Purchase Receipts are made when you accept material from your Supplier usually against a Purchase Order. 
+
+You can also accept Purchase Receipts directly (you must set Purchase Order Required as “No” in Global Defaults).
+
+You can make a Purchase Receipt directly from:
+
+> Stock > Purchase Receipt > New Purchase Receipt
+
+or from a “Submitted” Purchase Order, by clicking on “Make Purchase Receipt”.
+
+### Rejections
+
+In the Purchase Receipt, you are required to enter whether all the materials you receive are of accepted quality (in case you check). If you have any rejections, update the “Rejected Quantity” column in the Items table.
+
+If you reject, you are required to enter a “Rejected Warehouse” to indicate where you are storing the rejected Items.
+
+### Quality Inspections
+
+If for certain Items it is mandatory for you to record Quality Inspections (you have set it in your Item master), you will need to update the “Quality Inspection No” (QA No) column. The system will only allow you to “Submit” the Purchase Receipt if you update the “Quality Inspection No”.
+
+### UOM Conversions
+
+If your Purchase Order for an Item is in a different Unit of Measure (UOM) than what you stock (Stock UOM), then you will need to update the “UOM Conversion Factor”. See the Item settings for more information.
+
+### Currency Conversions
+
+Since the incoming Item affects the value of your inventory, it is important to convert it into your base Currency, if you have ordered in another Currency. You will need to update the Currency Conversion Rate if applicable.
+
+### Taxes and Valuation
+
+Some of your taxes and charges may affect your Items value. For example a Tax may not be added to your Item’s valuation, because if you sell the Item, you will have to add the tax at that time. So make sure to mark all your taxes in the Taxes and Charges table correctly for accurate valuation.
+
+### Serial Numbers and Batches
+
+If your Item is serialized or batched, you will have to enter Serial Number and Batch in the Items table. You are allowed to enter multiple Serial Numbers in one row (each on a separate line) and you must enter the same number of Serial Numbers as the quantity. You must enter each Batch number on a separate line.
+
+---
+
+#### What happens when the Purchase Receipt is “Submitted”?
+
+A Stock Ledger Entry is created for each Item adding the Item in the Warehouse by the “Accepted Quantity”
+If you have rejections, a Stock Ledger Entry is made for each Rejection.
+The “Pending Quantity” is updated in the Purchase Order.
+
+---
+
+#### Adding value to your Items post Purchase Receipt: 
+
+Some times, certain expenses that add value to your purchased Items are known only after sometime. Common example is if you are importing the Items, you will come to know of Customs Duty etc only when your “Clearing Agent” sends you a bill. If you want to attribute this cost to your purchased Items, you will have to use the Landed Cost Wizard. Why “Landed Cost”? Because it represents the charges that you paid when it landed in your possession.

docs/user/stock/docs.user.stock.serialized.md

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+---
+{
+	"_label": "Serialized Inventory"
+}
+---
+As we discussed in the **Item** section, if an **Item** is *serialized*, a **Serial Number** (Serial No) record is maintained for each quantity of that **Item**. This information is helpful in tracking the location of the Serial No, its warranty and end-of-life (expiry) information.
+
+**Serial Nos** are also useful to maintain fixed assets. **Maintenance Schedules** can also be created against serial numbers for planning and scheduling maintenance activity for these assets (if they require maintenance).
+
+You can also track from which **Supplier** you purchased the **Serial No** and to which **Customer** you have sold it. The **Serial No** status will tell you its current inventory status.
+
+If your Item is *serialized* you will have to enter the Serial Nos in the related column with each Serial No in a new line.
+
+### Serial Nos and Inventory
+
+Inventory of an Item can only be affected if the Serial No is transacted via a Stock transaction (Stock Entry, Purchase Receipt, Delivery Note, Sales Invoice). When a new Serial No is created directly, its warehouse cannot be set.
+
+### Using Serial Nos
+
+To add a Serial No to a stock transaction, you can set the Serial No in the serial no field:
+
+![Serial No Entry](img/serial-no-entry.png)
+
+### Creation
+
+Serial Nos can automatically be created from a Stock Entry or Purchase Receipt. If you mention Serial No in the Serial Nos column, it will automatically create those serial Nos.
+
+### Automatic Series
+
+If in the Item Master, the Serial No Series is mentioned, you can leave the Serial No column blank in a Stock Entry / Purchase Receipt and Serial Nos will automatically be set from that series.
+
+#### Step 1: Mention the Series in the Item
+
+![Automatic Series](img/item-serial-no-series.png)
+
+#### Step 2: Keep Serial No field blank in your entry
+
+#### Step 3: Save / Submit your transaction (Serial Nos Automatically Updated)
+
+![Serial No Created Message](img/serial-no-auto-1.png)
+
+![Serial No Updated in Transaction](img/serial-no-auto-2.png)
+
+
+### Importing and Updating Serial Nos
+
+Serial Nos cannot be imported from Stock Reconciliation. To import Serial Nos, you will have to use the Data Import Tool.
+
+### Using Serial Numbers for Multiple Purposes
+
+Serial Nos are a useful tool for tracking different kinds of Items, by using it along with Custom Fields. For example, in our internal system at Web Notes, each ERP account is a Serial No, with type of user “Plan” as the Item, its expiry date, whether it is Trial or Paid and other details as Custom Fields.
+
+We have known customers who use Serial Nos to track fixed assets, real-estate properties or advertisement slots, even library books!
+
+Since Serial Nos are deeply linked with all the core modules, Selling, Buying, Inventory and Accounting, you may find many uses for them.

docs/user/stock/docs.user.stock.stock_entry.md

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+---
+{
+	"_label": "Stock Entry"
+}
+---
+A Stock Entry is a simple document that lets you record Item movement from a Warehouse, to a Warehouse and between Warehouses.
+
+This can also be useful in tracking:
+
+- Material Issues from Stores
+- Sales and Purchase Returns
+- Production (manufacturing).
+
+We will look into the special features of the Stock Entry later when we discuss Accounting and Manufacturing processes.
+
+To make a Stock Entry you have to go to:
+
+> Stock > Stock Entry
+
+In the Stock Entry you have to update the Items table with all your transactions. For each row, you must enter a “Source Warehouse” or a “Target Warehouse” or both (if you are recording a movement).
+
+> **Note:** To update Stock from a spreadsheet, see Stock Reconciliation.
+

docs/user/stock/docs.user.stock.sub_contracting.md

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+---
+{
+	"_label": "Subcontracting"
+}
+---
+If your business involves outsourcing certain processes to a third party Supplier, where you buy the raw material from, you can track this by using the sub-contracting feature of ERPNext.
+
+To setup sub-contracting:
+
+1. Create separate Items for the unprocessed and the processed product. For example if you supply unpainted X to your Supplier and the Supplier returns you X, you can create two Items: “X-unpainted” and “X”.
+1. Create a Warehouse for your Supplier so that you can keep track of Items supplied. (you may supply a months worth of Items in one go).
+1. For the processed Item, in the Item master, set “Is Sub Contracted Item” to “Yes”.
+1. Make a Bill of Materials for the processed Item, with the unprocessed Items as sub-items.
+1. Make a Purchase Order for the processed Item. When you “Save”, in the “Raw Materials Detail”, all your un-processed Items will be updated based on your Bill of Materials.
+	1. Make sure that the “Rate” of this Item is the processing rate (excluding the raw material rate).
+	1. ERPNext will automatically add the raw material rate for your valuation purpose when you receive the finished Item in your stock.

+1. Make a Stock Entry to deliver the raw material Items to your Supplier.
+1. Receive the Items from your Supplier via Purchase Receipt. Make sure to check the “Consumed Quantity” in the “Raw Materials” table so that the correct stock is maintained at the Supplier’s end.

docs/user/stock/docs.user.stock.valuation.md

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+---
+{
+	"_label": "Item Valuation: FIFO and Moving Average"
+}
+---
+### How are Items Valued?
+
+One of the major features of any inventory system is that you can find out the value of any item based on its historic or average price. You can also find the value of all your items for your balance sheet. 
+
+Valuation is important because:
+
+- The buying price may fluctuate.
+- The value may change because of some process (value add).
+- The value may change because of decay, loss etc.
+
+You may encounter these terms, so lets clarify:
+
+- Rate: Rate at which the transaction takes place.
+- Valuation Rate: Rate at which the items value is set for your valuation.
+
+There are two major ways in which ERPNext values your items.
+
+- **FIFO (First In First Out):** In this system, ERPNext assumes that you will consume / sell those Items first which you bought first. For example, if you buy an Item at price X and then after a few days at price Y, whenever you sell your Item, ERPNext will reduce the quantity of the Item priced at X first and then Y.
+
+![FIFO](img/fifo.png)
+
+- **Moving Average:** In this method, ERPNext assumes that the value of the item at any point is the average price of the units of that Item in stock. For example, if the value of an Item is X in a Warehouse with quantity Y and another quantity Y1 is added to the Warehouse at cost X1, the new value X2 would be:
+
+> New Value X2 = (X * Y + X1 * Y1) / (Y + Y1)