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docs/user/buying/docs.user.buying.material_request.md
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docs/user/buying/docs.user.buying.material_request.md
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---
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{
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"_label": "Material Request"
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}
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---
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A Material Request is a simple document identifying a requirement of a set of Items (products or services) for a particular reason.
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A Material Request can be generated:
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- By a User.
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- Automatically from a Sales Order.
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- Automatically when the Projected Quantity of an Item in stores reaches a particular level.
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- Automatically from your Bill of Materials if you use Production Plan to plan your manufacturing activities.
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To generate a Material Request manually go to:
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> Buying > Material Request > New Material Request
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In the Material Request form,
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- Fill in the Items you want and their quantities.
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- If your Items are inventory items, you must also mention the Warehouse where you expect these Items to be delivered. This helps to keep track of the Projected Quantity for this Item.
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- You can also automatically get the Items from a Sales Order.
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- You can optionally add the Terms, using the Terms and Conditions master and also the reason.
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> Info: Material Request is not mandatory. It is ideal if you have centralized buying so that you can collect this information from various departments.
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#### Authorization
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If you want your Material Request to be authorized by a senior person like a Purchase Manager then you can give “Submit” rights only to that person. Everyone can create requests, but only the authorized person can “Submit”.
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docs/user/buying/docs.user.buying.md
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docs/user/buying/docs.user.buying.md
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---
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{
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"_label": "Buying"
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}
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---
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If your business involves physical goods, buying is one of your core business activity. Your suppliers are as important as your customers and they must be provided with as much accurate information as possible.
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Buying in right amounts, in right quantities, can affect your cash flow and profitability.
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ERPNext contains a set of transactions that will make your buying process as efficient and seamless as possible.
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docs/user/buying/docs.user.buying.purchase_order.md
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docs/user/buying/docs.user.buying.purchase_order.md
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---
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{
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"_label": "Purchase Order"
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}
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---
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A Purchase Order is analogous to a Sales Order. It is usually a binding contract with your Supplier that you promise to buy a set of Items under the given conditions.
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In ERPNext, you can make a Purchase Order by going to:
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> Buying > Purchase Order > New Purchase Order
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A Purchase Order can also be automatically created from a Purchase Request or Supplier Quotation.
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Entering a Purchase Order is very similar to a Purchase Request, additionally you will have to set:
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- Supplier.
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- A “Required By” date on each Item: If you are expecting part delivery, your Supplier will know how much quantity to deliver at which date. This will help you from preventing over-supply. It will also help you to track how well your Supplier is doing on timeliness.
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### Taxes
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If your Supplier is going to charge you additional taxes or charge like a shipping or insurance charge, you can add it here. It will help you to accurately track your costs. Also, if some of these charges add to the value of the product you will have to mention them in the Taxes table. You can also use templates for your taxes. For more information on setting up your taxes see the Purchase Taxes and Charges Master.
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### Value Added Taxes (VAT)
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Many a times, the tax paid by you to a Supplier, for an Item, is the same tax which you collect from your Customer. In many regions, what you pay to your government is only the difference between what you collect from your Customer and what you pay to your Supplier. This is called Value Added Tax (VAT).
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For example you buy Items worth X and sell them for 1.3X. So your Customer pays 1.3 times the tax you pay your Supplier. Since you have already paid tax to your Supplier for X, what you owe your government is only the tax on 0.3X.
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This is very easy to track in ERPNext since each tax head is also an Account. Ideally you must create two Accounts for each type of VAT you pay and collect, “Purchase VAT-X” (asset) and “Sales VAT-X” (liability), or something to that effect. Please contact your accountant if you need more help or post a query on our forums!
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docs/user/buying/docs.user.buying.supplier.md
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docs/user/buying/docs.user.buying.supplier.md
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---
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{
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"_label": "Supplier Master"
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}
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---
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Suppliers are companies or individuals who provide you with products or services. They are treated in exactly the same manner as Customers in ERPNext.
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1. Separate Account Ledgers are created for the Supplier in the Company under “Accounts Payable”.
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1. You can have multiple Addresses and Contacts for Suppliers.
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1. Suppliers are categorized as Supplier Type.
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1. If you set “Credit Days”, ERPNext will automatically set the due date in Purchase Invoices.
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You can create a new Supplier via:
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> Buying > Supplier > New Supplier
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or import from the Data Import Tool
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docs/user/buying/docs.user.buying.supplier_quotation.md
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docs/user/buying/docs.user.buying.supplier_quotation.md
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---
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{
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"_label": "Supplier Quotation"
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}
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---
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If you have multiple **Suppliers** who supply you with the same **Item**, you usually send out a message (Request for Quote) to various **Suppliers**. In many cases, especially if you have centralized buying, you may want to record all the quotes so that
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- You can easily compare prices in the future
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- Audit whether all Suppliers were given the opportunity to quote.
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Supplier Quotations are not necessary for most small businesses. Always evaluate the cost of collecting information to the value it really provides! You could only do this for high value items.
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You can make a Supplier Quotation directly from:
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> Buying > Supplier Quotation > New Supplier Quotation
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or directly from the Purchase Request.
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